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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. KOEDDING.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. No. 476,151. Patented May 31,1892.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-8heet 2. W. KOEDDING.

, DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. No. 476,151. Patented May 31, 1892.

YI/I/I/I/I/II/IIII/IIIIIIA ms uomus puns co wonrumo wAsmynYim n\llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll lllllllllll (No Model.) 4Sheets-Sheet 3,

w. KOEDDING. DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 476,151. Patented May 31,1892.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

W. KOBDD-ING. DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

N0. 476,151. Patented May 31, 1892.

Ae s' i fnv ezi 01 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VILLIAM KOEDDING, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO EDMONDVERSTRAETE, OF SAME PLACE.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 476,151, dated May 31,1892.

Application filed January 31, 1891- Serial No. 379,787. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM KOEDDING, of the city of St. Louis, in theState of Missouri, have invented acertain new and useful Improvement inDynamo-Electric Machines and Generators, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

The principal object sought in this invention is the production of amotor that will run successfully at a low rate of speed and whoseinitial force will be great in all positions of the armature.

The features of novelty are set forth in the claims.

FigureI is a top view of the machine. Fig. II is a side view of thesame. Fig. III is a transverse section of the machine, taken at III III,Fig. V. Fig. IV is a side view of the armature. Fig. V is a longitudinalsection of the machine, taken at V V, Fig. III. Fig. V1 is a detailtransverse section taken at VI VI, Fig. V. Fig. VII is a perspectiveview of one of the horns over which the armature-wire is lapped. Fig.VIII is a detail perspective view of part of the core of a field-magnet.Fig. IX is aperspective view of one of the shells of the field-magnets.Figs. X and XI are perspective views of modified forms of the horns overwhich the armature-wires are lapped. Fig. XII is an end view of thecommutator. Fig. XIII is a view of the commutator, part in side view andpart in longitudinal section. Fig. XIV is a perspective view of onemember of the commutator. Fig. XV is an end view of the commutator,showing the brushes in elevation. Fig. XVI is a diagram illustrating themanner of winding the armature-Wires and their connection with thecommutator. Fig. XVII is a diagram showing the armature-wires andcommutator arranged tor an alternate-current generator.

The field-magnets are supported upon U- shaped frames 1 and 2, on whichthe armature shaft 3 has journal-bearing. These frames have annularportions or rings 5 in planes perpendicular to the shaft. The rings arerigidly connected to each other by the field-magnets and theiraccessories.

Fig. VIII illustrates the construction of the field-magnet cores 6. Theyconsist of a number of sheet-iron plates 6, of horseshoe form, set sideto side in a series extending lengthwise ot' the magnet. These platesare riveted together by rods 7, extending the whole length of themagnet. The magnet-core has a central rib 8 and pole-pieces 0. The wire10 is not wound directly upon the pole-pieces, but upon a shell 11, inwhich the pole-pieces are inserted. The aperture 12 of the shell is ofsuch size as to admit two of the pole-pieces 9 of adjoining maguetcores,which thus are surrounded and polarized by the same coil and have likepolarity. 'lwenty-four of these field-magnets are shown. They may,however, be more or less in number. The shell has an outer flange 13,whose ends rest in an annular rabbet-groove 15, made in the inner sideof the rings 5.

it is a flange projecting outwardly from the inner side of the shell andserving to support the coil at that side, the flange 13 supporting it atthe other side. The poles 9 project inwardly from the shells, as seen inFigs. III and V.

16 are bars or strips that are secured to the rings 5 outside themagnets and which when in place form a smooth cylindrical exterior ofthe field-magnet case. The ends of the bars 16 rest in the rabbetgrooves or recesses of the two rings, and their outer sides are flushwith the periphery of the rings. The bars are secured to the rings byradial screws 17 and longitudinal screws 18, which latter extend thewhole length of the field-magnet cylinder and pass longitudinallythrough the ribs 8 ot the magnet-cores. These ribs 8 fit in recessesmade in the inner sides of the bars 16. The radial screws 17 passthrough the ends of the bars 16 and through holes 13 in the ends offlanges 13 of the magnet-shells 11. (See Figs. III, IV, V, VI, and IX.)It Wlll be seen that any one of the magnet-cores may be removed singlyby the removal of the strips 16 overlying the core, and each shell 11may be removed separately without the disturbance of any other of theshells by simply removing the two magnet-cores having their polesinserted in that shell.

Y The armature has an annular cylinder 19 of soft iron. The ends of thecylinder have inside screw-threads 20. 21 are two similar brass disksscrewed fast in the ends of the cylinder and keyed to the shaft 3. Theserings have peripheral flanges 22, that extend beyond the cylinder, andthe cylinder from end to end is surrounded by numerous rings 23 of softiron, whose interior diameter is the same as the exterior diameter ofthe cylinder and whose circumference agrees with that of the flanges 22,so that the circumference of the armature-core has an even cylindricalform from end to end. The rin gs 23 are placed in position, while one ofthe disks 21 is removed from the cylinder, and after the rings have beenput on the cylinder the disk is screwed into place, thus pressing therings hard together.

Upon the outer sides of the disks 21 are horns 24, beneath which passthe electric wires 25, 25, 25, and 25, which are in four series, woundzigzag over the surface of the cylinder 19 from end to end and passedbeneath the horns. The horns are made in steps and extend obliquely tothe side of the ring, as seen in Figs. III, IV, V, and VII, or have anequivalent formfor instance, as illustrated in Figs. X and XI, in bothof which the horns are oblique, the first having grooves to keep thewires separate and the last having pins for the same purpose. 21- isinsuiating material filling the space between the horns 2t;

26 are shields fitting at. the periphery the ends of the horns 2t andthe insulating material 24 filling the space between the horns andfitting at their inner edges, respectively, the shaft 3 upon one sideand the commutator upon the other side. If the shields are made ofmetal, an insulator is placed between the shield and the commutator orspace is left between them for purpose of insulation.

The wires 25, &c., extend from end to end of the cylinder in zigzags ondifferent lines, being parallel and spread evenly over the face of thecylinder 19, the wire 25 being carried around the part 21 of thehorns,the wire 25 around the part 21, and so on, each wire passingaround a particular part, as may be seen in the diagram Fig. XVI. Theposition of one of the wires (via, 25) is indicated by broken lines inFig. IV. The four wires are insulated from each other. In place of eachsingle wire 25 or 25, &c., a number of smaller wires may be used or asingle smaller wire for each of the larger wires carried continuously ina zigzag two or more times around the cylinder and its ends connected tothe commutator in the same way as the ends of the larger single wires orcables of smaller wires, which are passed only once around the cylinder.The commutator has a number of insulated 'XII, XIII, and XIV.)

rings 27, 27, 27 27, 27,27, 27", and 27, each ring having electricconnection with one end of one of the wires 25, (be. These rings areconnected by metal strips 28 to the bars with which the brushes are incontact. These bars are in six sets of eight, and, although of exactlythe same construction, those of each set are numbered 31, 31, 31, 31,31, 31, 31 and 31 to render the description clear, these bars with theinterposed insulators forming a cylin der smooth at the circumference.Each ring is shown with six of the strips 28 and bars 31, &c., makingforty-eight of each. (See Figs. The com mutat0r-sections are puttogether as seen in Figs. XII and XIII, the commutator being made bysliding the sections together by an endwise movement. They are separatedfrom each other by insulating material 29. The commutatorbars 31 31,&c., are separated from the shaft by insulator 30. The two ends of thewire or bunch of wire 25 are connected, respectively, to the twocommutator-rings 27 and 27, the wire 25 to the two rings 27 and 27, andso on, as seen in Fig. XIII. The ring 27 is in electric connection withall of the commutator-bars 31,the ring 27 with the commutatorbars 31,and so on, as seen in Fig. XII.

The brushes 32 33 may have any suitable construction, being fixed to thefield-magnet frame by a ring 34: or other means, and are properlyinsulated. No novelty is claimed in the brushes per sc. They are each incontact with four of the commutator-bars, being so placed that each wirehas electric connection by its opposite ends with the two brushes. Itfollows that. the direction of the electric current is reversed in onlyone wire at a time, the current being continuous in the other threewires during the reversal of the current in that wire. Toillustrate,suppose thebrush 32 to be positive and the brush negative.(See Fig. XV.) Then a positive current will .be passing through all thearmature-wires from brush 32, bars 31, 31, 31, and 31, and

the commutator-rings to the negative brush 33. Now as the bar 31 leavescontact with the positive brush and the bar 31 leaves contact with thenegative brush at the same time a bar 31 takes contact with the positivebrush and the bar 31 takes contact with the negative brush and thecurrent in wire 25 is reversed, and so as each pair of bars leavescontact with the brushes the current in the wire connected to these barsis reversed, as the bars 31, &c., with which the wires are in electricconnection, are transferred to the other brush.

IVhen the machineis used as an alternatecurrent generatonthepart of thecommutator which is in contact with the brushes is composed of insulatedrings 35, each of which is an electric connection on end of an armaturewire, the ends of each wire being in electric connection with differentbrushes, as illustrated by diagram Fig. XVII.

36 are lugs by which the frame is secured to an object to prevent therotation of the frame.

Four ofthe armature-wires 25 25, &c., are shown, the horns at the endsof the core-cylinder being adapted for supporting the bends of thewires, so as to distribute the wires evenly over the surface of thearmature-cylinder. I do not confine myself, however, to any precise number of these wires, as the nu mber may vary without affecting thenovel principles of the invention. The horns may also vary in numberfrom that described.

This machine, as shown in Figs. I to XVI, may be used as a motor eitherwith aconstant or alternating current, or may be used as a generator fora constant current, while in the form. illustrated in Fig. XVII it isonly intended for use as an alternate-current generator.

I claim as my invention 1. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combinationof the cases 11, adapted to receive the wire coils, and the field-magnetcores composed of thin plates (3, arranged side by side in metalliccontact in a line lengthwise of the magnet and having their poles set insaid cases 11, substantially as set forth.

2. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination of thedetachably-supported cases 11, having the wire coiled thereon andarranged to form a cylindrical field, and the detachably-supportedmagnet-cores of horseshoe form in cross-section, said magnet-cores beingarranged with one of their poles in each of the adjacent cases 11,whereby the cores can be removed singly and the cases can be removedsingly by first removing the two adjacent magnet-cores, substantially asset forth.

3. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination of the annular parts orrings 5 of the fixed frame, field-magnets attached to said rings, and acovering-strip 16, attached to each magnet and to the rings,substantially as set forth.

4:. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination of the annular partsor rings 5 of the fixed frame, the cases 11, attached to said rings andhaving the wire coiled thereon for forming a cylindrical field,magnet-cores inserted in said cases 11, and covering-strips 16, attachedto said magnet-cores, SllbStfl-H' tially as set forth.

5. In a dynamo-electric machine, the com" bination of the U-formed parts1 and 2, giving bearing to the arinatui'eshaft, the annular parts orrings 5, supported upon said parts 1 and 2, the cases 11, attached attheir opposite ends to the rings 5 and having the wire coiled thereon,the magnet-cores supported in said cases 11, the screw 18, passingthrough the rings 5 and the magnet-cores, and the covering-strips 16,substantially as set forth.

6. The armaturecore having the oblique or inclined horns 24 at its ends,adapted to sup port the wire at the bends of the same, substantially asset forth.

7. The armature-core having the inclined horns 2% at its ends, saidhorns being pro- "ided with steps or corrugations for supporting thewires out of contact with each other, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, in an armature, of the body or core of cylindricalform, two or more separate wires 25 25, carried in zigzags over thecircumference of the core, and inclined horns 24 at each end of thecore, adapted to support the wires at the bends and keep them out ofcontact with each other on the surface of the core, substantially as setforth.

9. The cylindrical armature having inclined horns 24: at its ends andinsulating material 2%, occupying the space between said horns,substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, in an armature, of two or more wires running inzigzag over the face of the core and around the same and having theirends in electric connection with different sections of a commutator, andbrushes in contact with said commutator of suitable size to extend overa number of said sections, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

11. The combination, in a dynamo-electric machine, of an armature havingtwo or more separate wires wound in zigzag on the arma ture, and acommutator having rings parallel with the ends of the armature, eachring in electric connection with only one end of one wire and each ringin connection with two or more sections or bars of the part of thearmature in contact with the brushes, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination, in a dynamo-electric machine, of an armature havingtwo or more separate wires wound in zigzag on its surface, a commutatorhaving a series of rings 27 parallel with the ends of the armature, aseries of bars or sections 31, connected to said rings by strips 28, andsuitable insulating material between said parts, said rings 27 being inelectric connection with said wires, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination, in a dynamo-electric machine, of a number offield-magnets of al ternate opposite polarity, an armature rotating inthe field with two or more separate wires, each end of each wire inelectric connection with two or more of the bars or sec tions of acommutator which revolve in corn tact with the brushes, and brushes eachextending over a number of said sections equal to the number ofarmature-wires.

l t. The combination, in a dynamo-electric machine, of an armaturehaving a plurality of wires carried in a zigzag around it, and acommutator having conducting 'ings parallel with the ends of thearmature, the rings being double in number to the armature wires andeach end of each wire being in electric connection with a separate ringand each IIO ITS

ring in electric connection with two or more distinct sections or bars,as 31, rotating in contact with the brushes, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

15. The combination, with the armature of a dynamo-electric machineprovided with the horns 24 and the insulating material 24 between them,of the shields 26, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

\VILLIAM KOEDDING.

In presence of TI-IOS. KNIGHT, SAML. KNIGHT.

